SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

</head>

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span>"International Protection" redirects here. For the treaty that grants asylum seekers protection, see <a href="Convention_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees" title="Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees">Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees</a>.</span> <span>Not to be confused with <a href="IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a> or <a href="Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual property</a>.</span> <span>For other uses, see <a href="IP_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="IP (disambiguation)">IP (disambiguation)</a>.</span></div>

</p>

<p>The <b>IP code</b> or <b>Ingress Protection code</b> indicates how well a device is protected against water and dust. It is defined by the <a href="International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a> (IEC) under the <a href="International_standard" title="International standard">international standard</a> IEC 60529<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which classifies and provides a guideline to the degree of protection provided by mechanical casings and <a href="Electrical_enclosures" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical enclosures">electrical enclosures</a> against intrusion, <a href="Dust" title="Dust">dust</a>, accidental contact, and <a href="Waterproofing" title="Waterproofing">water</a>. It is published in the European Union by the <a href="European_Committee_for_Electrotechnical_Standardization" title="European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization">European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization</a> (CENELEC) as EN 60529.

</p><p>The standard aims to provide users more detailed information than vague marketing terms such as <i>waterproof</i>. For example, a cellular phone rated at IP67 is "dust resistant" and can be "immersed in 1 meter of freshwater for up to 30 minutes". Similarly, an electrical socket rated IP22 is protected against insertion of fingers and will not become unsafe during a specified test in which it is exposed to vertically or nearly vertically dripping water. IP22 or IP2X are typical minimum requirements for the design of electrical accessories for indoor use.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The digits indicate conformity with the conditions summarized in the tables below. The digit <i>0</i> is used where no protection is provided. The digit is replaced with the letter <i>X</i> when insufficient data has been gathered to assign a protection level. The device can become less capable; however, it cannot become unsafe.

</p><p>There are no hyphens in a standard IP code. IPX-8 (for example) is thus an invalid IP code.<sup id="cite_ref-NE_Laser_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE_Laser-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div>

<p>In the original IEC 60529 standard from year 1976, the letters IP are used without providing an explanation, and referred as "characteristic letters".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the next editions of the standard, from years 1989 and 1999 respectively, the IP is explained to denote "international protection" on both French and English pages. According to the Finnish national committee of the IEC, one possibility is that the abbreviation is a combination of English word ingress and French word <i>pénétration</i> which stands for ingress, but finding the correct answer would require doing a historical study on the 1970's standardization, which is difficult because the experts preparing the original standards are likely retired or deceased.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Code_breakdown">Code breakdown</h2></div>

<p>This table shows what each digit or part of the IP code represents.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<th rowspan="2">Code <br>letters

</th>

<th>First

</th>

<th>Second

</th>

<th>Third

</th>

<th>Additional

</th>

<th>Supplementary

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th>Solid particle protection

</th>

<th>Liquid ingress protection

</th>

<th>Mechanical impact resistance

</th>

<th colspan="2">Other protections

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP

</td>

<td>0–6 or X

</td>

<td>0–9 or X

</td>

<td>0–9

</td>

<td><i>Letter</i>

</td>

<td><i>Letter</i>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>By definition

</td>

<td>Required

</td>

<td>Required

</td>

<td>No longer used

</td>

<td>Optional

</td>

<td>Optional

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_digit:_Solid_particle_protection">First digit: Solid particle protection</h3></div>

<p>The first digit indicates the level of protection the enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts (e.g., electrical conductors, moving parts) and the ingress of solid foreign objects.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60529_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60529-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<th>Level sized</th>

<th>Effective against</th>

<th>Description

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th>X

</th>

<td><i>Unknown</i>

</td>

<td>X means no data is available to specify a protection rating about this criterion.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>0

</th>

<td>—

</td>

<td>No protection against contact and ingress of objects

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>1

</th>

<td>> 50 mm<br>2.0 in

</td>

<td>Any large surface of the body, such as the back of a hand, but no protection against deliberate contact with a body part

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>2

</th>

<td>> 12.5 mm<br>0.49 in

</td>

<td>Fingers or similar objects

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>3

</th>

<td>> 2.5 mm<br>0.098 in

</td>

<td>Tools, thick wires, etc.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>4

</th>

<td>> 1 mm<br>0.039 in

</td>

<td>Most wires, slender screws, large ants, etc.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>5

</th>

<td>Dust protected

</td>

<td>Ingress of dust is not entirely prevented, but it must not enter in sufficient quantity to interfere with the safe operation of the equipment.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>6

</th>

<td>Dust-tight

</td>

<td>No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact (dust-tight). A vacuum must be applied. Test duration of up to 8 hours based on airflow.

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_digit:_Liquid_ingress_protection">Second digit: Liquid ingress protection</h3></div>

<p>The second digit indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against harmful ingress of water.<sup id="cite_ref-NE_Laser_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE_Laser-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The ratings for water ingress are not cumulative beyond IPX6. A device compliant with IPX7 (covering water immersion) is not necessarily compliant with IPX5 or IPX6 (covering exposure to water jets). A device that meets both tests is indicated by listing both tests separated by a slash, e.g. IPX5/IPX7.

</p>

<th style="width: 5em;">Level

</th>

<th style="width: 20em;">Protection against

</th>

<th style="width: 60em;">Effective against

</th>

<th style="width: 45em;">Details

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th>X

</th>

<td><i>Unknown</i>

</td>

<td>—

</td>

<td>X means no data is available to specify a protection rating concerning these criteria.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>0

</th>

<td>None

</td>

<td>—

</td>

<td>No protection against ingress of water

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>1

</th>

<td>Dripping water

</td>

<td>Dripping water (vertically falling drops) shall have no unsafe effect on the specimen when mounted upright onto a turntable and rotated at 1 RPM.

</td>

<td>Test duration: 10 minutes

<p>Water equivalent to 1 mm (0.039 in) rainfall per minute

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>2

</th>

<td>Dripping water when tilted at 15°

</td>

<td>Vertically dripping water shall have no harmful effect when the enclosure is tilted at an angle of 15° from its normal position. A total of four positions are tested within two axes.</td>

<td>Test duration: 2.5 minutes for every direction of tilt (10 minutes total)<br>

<p>Water equivalent to 3 mm (0.12 in) rainfall per minute

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>3

</th>

<td>Spraying water

</td>

<td>Water falling as a spray at any angle up to 60° from the vertical shall have no harmful effect, utilizing either: a) an oscillating fixture, or b) a spray nozzle with a counterbalanced shield.

<p>Test a) is conducted for 5 minutes, then repeated with the specimen rotated horizontally by 90° for the second 5-minute test. Test b) is conducted (with a shield in place) for 5 minutes minimum.

</p>

</td>

<td>For a spray nozzle:

<p>Test duration: 1 minute per square meter for at least 5 minutes<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIEC_60529201327_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIEC_60529201327-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

Water volume: 10 liters per minute (0.037 impgal/s)

Pressure: 50–150 kPa (7.3–21.8 psi)

</p><p>For an oscillating tube:

Test duration: 10 minutes

Water volume: 0.07 liters per minute (0.00026 impgal/s) per hole

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>4

</th>

<td>Splashing of water

</td>

<td>Water splashing against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effect, utilizing either:

<p>a) an oscillating fixture, or b) A spray nozzle with no shield.

Test

a) is conducted for 10 minutes.

b) is conducted (without shield) for 5 minutes minimum.

</p>

</td>

<td>Oscillating tube: Test duration: 10 minutes, or spray nozzle (same as IPX3 spray nozzle with the shield removed)

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>5

</th>

<td>Water jets</td>

<td>Water projected by a nozzle (6.3 mm (0.25 in)) against enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.

</td>

<td>Test duration: 1 minute per square meter for at least 3 minutes

<p>Water volume: 12.5 litres per minute

Pressure: 30 kPa (4.4 psi) at distance of 3 meters (9.8 ft)

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>6

</th>

<td>Powerful water jets

</td>

<td>Water projected in powerful jets (12.5 mm (0.49 in) nozzle) against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.

</td>

<td>Test duration: 1 minute per square meter for at least 3 minutes

<p>Water volume: 100 liters per minute (0.37 impgal/s)

Pressure: 100 kPa (15 psi) at distance of 3 meters (9.8 ft)

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>6K

</th>

<td>Powerful water jets with increased pressure

</td>

<td>Water projected in powerful jets (6.3 mm (0.25 in) nozzle) against the enclosure from any direction, under elevated pressure, shall have no harmful effects. Found in DIN 40050, and not IEC 60529.</td>

<td>Test duration: at least 3 minutes<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br>

<p>Water volume: 75 liters per minute (0.27 impgal/s)

Pressure: 1,000 kPa (150 psi) at distance of 3 meters (9.8 ft)

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>7

</th>

<td>Immersion, up to 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) depth</td>

<td>Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall not be possible when the enclosure is immersed in water under defined conditions of pressure and time (up to 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) of submersion).</td>

<td>Test duration: 30 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60529_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60529-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

<p>Tested with the lowest point of the enclosure 1,000 mm (39 in) below the surface of the water, or the highest point 150 mm (5.9 in) below the surface, whichever is deeper.

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>8

</th>

<td>Immersion, 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) or more depth</td>

<td>The equipment is suitable for continuous immersion in water under conditions which the manufacturer shall specify. However, with certain types of equipment, it can mean that water can enter but only so that it produces no harmful effects. The test depth and duration are expected to be greater than the requirements for IPx7, and other environmental effects may be added, such as temperature cycling before immersion.</td>

<td>Test duration: agreement with the manufacturer

<p>Depth specified by the manufacturer, generally up to 3 meters (9.8 ft)

</p>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>9

</th>

<td>Powerful high-temperature water jets

</td>

<td>Protected against close-range high-pressure, high-temperature spray downs.

<p>Smaller specimens rotate slowly on a turntable from 4 specific angles. Larger specimens are mounted in the intended position when used, no turntable required, and are tested freehand for at least 3 minutes at a distance of 0.15–0.2 meters (5.9 in – 7.9 in).

</p><p>The specific requirements for the test nozzle are shown in figures 7, 8, & 9 of IEC (or EN) 60529.

</p><p>This test is identified as IPx9 in IEC 60529.

</p>

</td>

<td>Test duration: Fixture: 30 sec. in each of 4 angles (2 min. total), Freehand: 1 min/m<sup>2</sup>, 3 min. minimum

<p>Water volume: 14–16 liters per minute (0.051–0.059 impgal/s)

Pressure: 8–10 MPa (80–100 bar) at distance of 0.10–0.15 meters (3.9 in – 5.9 in)

Water temperature: 80 °C (176 °F)

</p>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>(All tests with the letter "K" are defined by ISO 20653 (replacing DIN 40050-9) and are not found in IEC 60529, except for IPx9, which is the same as the IP69K water test.)

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supplementary_letter_(optional)">Supplementary letter (optional)</h3></div>

<p>For the protection of equipment specific to:

</p>

<th>Letter

</th>

<th>Meaning

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th>G

</th>

<td>Oil resistant

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>F

</th>

<td>Oil resistant

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>H

</th>

<td>High voltage apparatus

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>M

</th>

<td>Motion during water test

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>S

</th>

<td>Stationary during water test

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th>W

</th>

<td>Weather conditions

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The letter K is specified in ISO 20653 (replacing DIN 40050-9) and not in IEC 60529.

</p>

<p><a href="Deutsches_Institut_f%C3%BCr_Normung" title="Deutsches Institut für Normung">DIN</a> 40050-9 extended the newer IEC 60529 rating system with an <b>IP69K</b> rating for high-pressure, high-temperature wash-down applications.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enclosures conforming with ISO 20653:2013 must be both dust-tight (IP6X) and able to withstand high-pressure and steam cleaning.

</p><p>The IPx9K standard was originally developed for road vehicles—especially those that need regular intensive cleaning (dump trucks, concrete mixers, etc.)—but it also finds use in other areas, such as <a href="Food_processing" title="Food processing">food processing</a> machinery and <a href="Car_wash" title="Car wash">car wash</a> systems. It was superseded by ISO 20653:2013 Road Vehicles-Degrees of protection (IP code),<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and complemented by the addition of a level 9 water ingress testing to IEC 60529, which includes essentially the same spray test as IPx9K, but also includes, in Figure 10 of the standard, a drawing for a test fixture designed to verify the correct water pressure.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Test_setup">Test setup</h3></div>

<p>The test specifies a spray nozzle that is fed with 80 °C (176 °F) water at 8–10 <a href="Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">MPa</a> (80–100 <a href="Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">bar</a>; 1,200–1,500 <a href="Pound_per_square_inch" title="Pound per square inch">psi</a>) and a flow rate of 14–16 litres per minute (3.7–4.2 US gal/min). The nozzle is held 10–15 cm from the tested device at angles of 0°, 30°, 60° and 90° for 30 seconds each. The test device sits on a turntable that completes a rotation once every 12 seconds (5 <a href="Revolutions_per_minute" title="Revolutions per minute">rpm</a>). The IPx9 specification details a freehand method for testing larger specimens that will not fit on a turntable (see table above). The free hand method also requires (at least) one additional minute of spray time (1 min/m<sup>2</sup>, 3 min. minimum). The test distance also increases to .175 m (0.15–0.2 m per section 14.2.9).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States_(NEMA_rating)">United States (NEMA rating)</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="NEMA_enclosure_types" title="NEMA enclosure types">NEMA enclosure types</a></div>

<p>In the U.S., the <a href="National_Electrical_Manufacturers_Association" title="National Electrical Manufacturers Association">National Electrical Manufacturers Association</a> defines <a href="NEMA_enclosure_types" title="NEMA enclosure types">NEMA enclosure types</a> in NEMA standard number 250. The following table outlines which IEC 60529 IP code each respective NEMA guideline meets. Ratings between the two standards are not directly equivalent: NEMA ratings also require additional product features and tests (such as functionality under icing conditions, enclosures for <a href="Electrical_equipment_in_hazardous_areas" title="Electrical equipment in hazardous areas">hazardous areas</a>, knock-outs for cable connections and others) not addressed by IP ratings.

</p>

<th>NEMA enclosure<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</th>

<th>IP code

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP20

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP22

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP55

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP24

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP44, IP66, IP65

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP53

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP67

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP68

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>IP54

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<ul><li><a href="Appliance_classes" title="Appliance classes">Appliance classes</a></li>

<li><a href="EN_62262" title="EN 62262">EN 62262</a> – IK code on resistance to mechanical impacts</li>

<li><a href="U.S._Military_connector_specifications" title="U.S. Military connector specifications">U.S. Military connector specifications</a> for military equivalents</li>

<li><a href="Water_Resistant_mark" title="Water Resistant mark">Water Resistant mark</a> on wrist watches</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/2452">"IEC 60529:1989+AMD1:1999+AMD2:2013 CSV | IEC Webstore | water management, smart city, rural electrification"</a>. <i>webstore.iec.ch</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tansun.com/gb_en/technical/technical-ip-rating.html">"IP Rating - Ingress Protection Explained | Tansun"</a>. <i>www.tansun.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NE_Laser-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NE_Laser_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NE_Laser_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130522115323/http://www.ce-mag.com/archive/06/ARG/bisenius.htm"><i>Ingress Protection: The System of Tests and Meaning of Codes</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ce-mag.com/archive/06/ARG/bisenius.htm">the original</a> on 22 May 2013</cite>.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>IEC Publication 529: Classification des degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes – Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosures</i> (1st ed.). <a href="International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a>. 1976.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sesko.fi/yhteystiedot/usein-kysytyt-kysymykset/">"SESKO: Frequently asked questions (in Finnish)"</a>. <i>sesko.fi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSource_IEx" class="citation web cs1">Source IEx. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sourceiex.com/Catalogs/IP%20Degress%20Testing%20Details.pdf">"Degrees of Protection"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IEC_60529-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60529_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60529_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFIEC_605292013" class="citation book cs1">International Electrotechnical Commission (2013). <i>IEC 60529 - Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)</i>. International standard (2.2 ed.). p. 21. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9782832210864</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/864643678">864643678</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.electricalsafety-testequipment.com/quality-12745139-iec60529-comprehensive-waterproof-test-chamber-for-ipx9k-and-ipx6k-tests">"IEC60529 Comprehensive Waterproof Test Chamber for IPX9K and IPX6K Tests"</a>. <i>Pego Electronics (Yi Chun) Company Limited</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><i><a href="DIN" class="mw-redirect" title="DIN">DIN</a> 40050-9: </i>Straßenfahrzeuge; IP-Schutzarten; Schutz gegen Fremdkörper, Wasser und Berühren; Elektrische Ausrüstung<i> [Road vehicles; degrees of protection (IP-code); protection against foreign objects, water and impact; electrical equipment]</i>, May 1993</cite>. An English translation of the German original is available from DIN.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ISO 20653:2013 Road Vehicles-Degrees of protection (IP code) Protection of electrical equipment against foreign objects, water and access</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180610223224/https://www.nema.org/Products/Documents/nema-enclosure-types.pdf">"NEMA Enclosure Types"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Electrical Manufacturers Association. November 2005. pp. <span class="nowrap">7–</span>9. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nema.org/Products/Documents/nema-enclosure-types.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 10 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .infobox .side-box{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="side-box side-box-right sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:IP_code" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:IP code">IP code</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nema.org/Standards/ComplimentaryDocuments/ANSI-IEC-60529.pdf">2004 version of the standard</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-10" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=IP_code&oldid=1299733048">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>